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REFCOLD · NATURAL REFRIGERANT ENGINEERING

R744 / CO₂ Transcritical Cycle Analysis

Evaluate a four-state, single-stage transcritical CO₂ refrigeration cycle from explicit engineering inputs. Unlike the saturation P–T lookup, this workflow uses a frozen high-pressure property grid for supercritical gas-cooler and compressor states.

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Model basis
  1. State 1 uses the entered evaporating saturation temperature and suction superheat.
  2. State 2s is the isentropic compression state at the entered transcritical high-side pressure.
  3. State 2 applies the entered compressor isentropic efficiency.
  4. State 3 uses the entered gas-cooler outlet temperature at the same high-side pressure.
  5. State 4 applies isenthalpic expansion back to the evaporating pressure.
  6. COP is refrigerating effect divided by compressor specific work. Optional capacity converts specific quantities to mass flow, compressor power and gas-cooler duty.
OEM compressor performance map →OEM compressor envelope review →R744 saturation P–T →Flash tank / parallel compression →R744 ejector architecture →R744 heat recovery →Compare R744 architectures →Advanced cycle comparison →Advanced P-h workspace →Subcritical cycle analyzer / P‑h →Field refrigeration diagnostics →
WHEN TO USE THIS TOOL

Useful during reference & conversion work.

  • Resolve unit-system differences quickly across calculations, drawings, schedules and vendor data.
  • Look up common formulas, constants and engineering reminders without leaving the HVACR workspace.
  • Reduce repeated manual conversion work while keeping the final engineering review with the user.
CONTINUE IN HVACR STUDIO
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Advanced P-h Engineering Workspace

Overlay compatible refrigeration architectures on one pressure-enthalpy workspace with explicit process, branch and mass-basis interpretation.

Open tool →Design vs Field Refrigeration Performance

Compare a refrigeration design cycle with stabilized field pressures, temperatures, SH/SC and optional measured capacity/compressor input while keeping model and measurement boundaries explicit.

Open tool →R744 / CO₂ Ejector Architecture Analysis

Screen a vapor-ejector / receiver / parallel-compression CO₂ architecture with explicit entrainment, work-recovery efficiency, receiver split and compressor burden.

Open tool →

Frequently asked questions

Does HVACR Studio choose the optimum high-side pressure?

No. High-side pressure is an explicit engineering input. This calculator evaluates the entered cycle and does not provide a controller setpoint or automatic pressure optimization.

Why is high-side pressure entered as absolute pressure?

Thermodynamic property states use absolute pressure. The transcritical model also enforces pressure above the R744 critical pressure rather than treating the gas cooler as a conventional condenser.

Is this a compressor selection tool?

No. Isentropic efficiency is an input. Compressor maps, envelopes, volumetric efficiency, motor efficiency, oil management, discharge-temperature limits and manufacturer selection remain separate.

What is excluded from the model?

Pressure drops, internal heat exchangers, flash tank/receiver separation, parallel compression, ejectors, heat recovery, fan/pump power and transient control behavior are not included in this bounded single-stage cycle.

R744 / CO₂ Transcritical Cycle Analysis | HVACR Studio by LEAL